Arthur bywater



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A., D. AND L. BYWAT'ER.

APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING OILS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12, 1919.

I Patented Jan. 10, 1922-.

ARTHUR BY'WATER, DAROL BYWA'IER, AND LENNOX BYWATER, OF LONDON,

E1\TGLA1\TD.

APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORGING OILS.

l,4lll2,835.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pg tgnted ,1? an, 1Q, 1922,

Application filed MarcliS, 1919. Serial No. 281,569.

ing and forcing oils, as for example for garage or motor or like stationuse Where motor fuel is designed to be in or atconstant service, and isbroadly of the class in which the oil is propelled by a heavier liquidand a closing valve is provided which is floated by the propellingliquid and let down by the propelled liquid.

The present invention more particularly relates to those systems inwhich overcharging of the storage tank is prevented by a water orbalancing leg depending from the bottom of the tank so as to balance thecharging head when the storage tank is filled with oil, and according tothe'present invention the effective water or balancing leg'is reduced orshortened by a valve system having main and auxiliary connections withthe tank, this valve system being located at or just below the bottom ofthe storage tank, and the valve having a density slightly less than thepropelling liquid but'greater than the propelled liquid so as to befloated olf its seating by the propelling liquid and let down on itsseating by the propelled liquid.

Means are convenlently and advantageously provided to protect or defendthe valve against shockand the ball valve cham ber may be provided withan air vent and air cushion at the upper part.

Advantages of the valve system with main or auxiliary connectionsaccording to the invention are that it may be constructed separatelyfrom the tank and inserted as an adjunct in the pipe leading to thetank; it being easy to arrange for detachment of the connection forexamination, renewalor repair. "When forcing out the oil the valve israised and held clear ofthe inflow, and when forcing out water or thelike the valve is prevented from hammering on its seating by thecombined action of the main flow and the auxiliary flow of water, the

auxiliary flow countering the tendency of the main flow to set upsuction or vortex action on the valve. Thus there is no suction on thevalve until the tank is actually full of oil and in' forcing out the oilthe valve is almost immediately raised clear of the influence of theinflow.

The invention may be conveniently and advantageously carried out asfollows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which *ig.1 is a part section of the tank with the valved device applied thereto,and

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the valved device, slightly modified.

a is the storage tank, 6 the propelling water column pipe leading to thedrain through which the water is displaced during the filling of thetank with oil, 0 the valved chamber to be hereinafter described, and jthe inway and outway pipe'for the oil.

By appropriate control valves the tank a may be connected in knownmanner through the pipe 6 with a water supply system operating at acertain head or, otherwise with the drain.

The system depends on the difference between the specific gravity of thepropelling liquid, for example water 1.00, and the propelled liquid, forexample, petrol 0.72 (average). On this difference depends the relativeheights of balancing columns of petrol and water for-example.

Such a system'described, or example, in relation to water as thepropelling liquid, operates as follows The tank a having been filledwith water from the water supply, the water supply valve is closed, andthe valve allowing water to discharge to the drain is opened. Petrol issupplied, either through the funnel or a filler connected to the pipe jor by means of a'flexible hose in either case at a level higherthan thelevel at which the wa-" ter is discharged to the drain.

The hose and filler connections are valve controlled so that when one isopen the other may be closed, or both may be closed, and a back pressurevalve is interposed between the ccnnections and the tank a.

The difference in the respective heads of the petrol supply and waterdischarge causes the petrol to displace the water in the storage tank aand discharge it to the drain.

Having filled the storage tank a with petrol, the water discharge valveis closed. To deliver petrol into a distributing connection leading fromthe pipe y" the water and in one construction, such a system hasembodied a water-leg extending downwardlyfrom the storage tank a to forma hydrostatic column adapted to overbalance the charging head orcharging pressure of the petrol, as for example, governed by the heightof the petrol in the filler or in the tank of a tank wagon hose coupledthereto.

A long water-leg is open to the objection that it involves costlyexcavation work, a

1 disadvantage which is overcome by the present invention according towhich a valve system, embodying a flotation valve normally sustained bythe water to open the water connection with the storage tank a, butadapted when the storage tank isfilled with oil to fall and close thewater connection with the storage tank, is'so ordered that the valvechamber is connected with the storage chamber by middle and upperbranches or passages whereby the valve, which canrise above and clear ofthe middle branch or passage, is brought under the in fluence of main orintermediate and auxiliary or upper flows of liquid, whose combinedaction prevents that hammering of the valve on its seating whichotherwise, without the auxiliary or upper flow, would by its violence,damagenot only the valve, but the storage apparatus in general, the

effect of the auxiliary or upper flow of water being to modify orcounter the tendency of the main or medial flow of water to set upsuction in the valve to cause this to hammer violently, there being nosuch hammer causing suction produced on the valve of the present deviceat any time, the valve,-

when the storage tank is filled, being let down softly on its seatingwith little or no agitation.

In carrying the present invention into practical effect, at that end ofthe storage tank 64 adjacent to the propelling watercolumn pipe I), thebottom of the tank is placed into communication with the water columnpipe through the. mediation of a valved chamber 0. The bottomof thechamber communicates by a suitable bend d with the water column pipe andat the middle and top of the chamber, the chamber communicates by'branchpipes with the bottom of the storage tank a (this being usually ahorizontally placed cylinder of iron) through connections which are maderespectively as shown, on the longitudinal wall of the tank a and on anend wall of the tank a.

The valve ball is shown in its two positions by e and 6 respectively.Fig. 2 shows the valve chamber 0 on an enlarged scale, and in thechamber 0 is the aforementioned ball valve of the character described,this being conveniently made of hollow brass and adjusted by internalloading to the required specific gravity. Over the valve is a confiningor guiding cage f which allows the valve to rise in the presence of thepropelling liquid (in the exemplar case water) above and clear of themiddle branch, also to sink on to a leather or other appropriate seatingg if andwhen the propelled liquid .the chamber a to the tank a; thisupper branch being an organ for realizing or facilitating equilibrium.

With a water or balancing leg adpmct substantially as described, betterfacilities are given for accommodating oils of widely varying specificgravities.

7' designates the outway pipe for petrol.

In relation to the chamber 0 (Figs. 1 and 2) it may be expedient toprovide an air pipe m, Fig. 2, this serving to allow the outpour oroutlet of any air which may lodge in the apparatus, or alternatively aninway for any air which may be desirable as a; buffer; an appropriatecontrol or valve being provided at the upper extremity of the pipe at.The lower part of the pipe we may be expanded and made to contain a massor volume of air to give a cushioning efiect.

In the above description, instead of water an aqueous solution ortechnically equivalent fluid of higher specific gravity may be used assolution of calcium chloride, spent lye or waste or other salinesolution. The double advantage of greater immunity against peatedly.Sea-water if on supply may be especially useful.

In the action of the ball valve 6 there is a tendency to an undesirableblow or shock when it passes from end to end of the guidecage f, and theapplicants relieve or modify this by constrictingthe flowincreasingly'as the ball progresses, as, for example, by enveloping orclothing the upper and lower portions of the cage with wire meshing orperforated metal or material as shown at 0 and 0 (Fig. 2) sothat theball on entering either one of the clothed portions, 0 or 0 mayexperience resistance,-which resistance may be made greater or lessdiminishing or increasing the size of the perforations; the perforatedcasings thus acting as defences against shock.

The top of the cage may be fitted with a mat, tender or bulier or thelike a.

What we claim is 1. In an apparatus of the class described, incombination, a water column, a storage tank, a discharge pipe from saidstorage tank, connecting means between said water column and saidstorage tank comprising a valve chamber with main and auxiliaryconnections communicating with said storage tank, said chambercontaining a valve of specific g'avity intermediate the propellingliquid and the propelled liquid.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a watercolumn, a storage tank, a discharge pipe from said storage tank,connecting means between said water column and said storage tankcomprising a valve chamber with main and auxiliary connectionscommunicating with said storage chamber, said chamber containing a valveof specific gravity intermediate the propelling and the propelledliquid, and a metal guiding cage for said valve.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a watercolumn,a storage tank, a discharge pipe from said storage tank,connecting means between said water column and said storage tankcomprising a valve chamber with main and auxiliary connectionscommunicating with said storage tank, said chamber containing a valve ofspecific gravity intermediate the propelling and the propelled liquid, ametal guiding cage for said valve, and shock absorbing means at each endof the chamber to prevent injury to said valve when it is at extremepositions in the cage.

4:. In anapparatus of the class described, in combination, a watercolumn, a storage tank, a discharge pipe from said storage tank,connecting means between said water column and said storage tankcomprising a valve chamber with main and auxiliary con nectionscommunicating with said storage tank said chamber containing a valve ofspecific gravity intermediate the propelling and the propelled liquid, ametal guiding cage for [said valve, shock absorbing means at each end ofsaid chamber to prevent injury to said valve when it is at extremepositions in the cage, and retarding means, as wire meshing, forobstructing and retarding the rise or fall of the valve as it reachesits extreme positions.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures.

ARTHUR BYWVATER. DAROL BYWVATER. LENNOX BYWATER.

